Menstrual Cramps

CAUSES

Strong or prolonged contractions of the muscular wall of the uterus. These may be caused by concentration of prostaglandins (hormones found in the cervix and uterus). Research shows that women with dysmenorrhea produce and excrete more prostaglandins than those who don\'t have as much discomfort.

Dilation (stretching) of the cervix to allow passage of blood dots from the uterus to the vagina in cases where the cervix is narrowed or constricted

Other causes include:
1.Pelvic infections.
2.Endometriosis, especially if dysmenorrhea begins after age 20.
3.Adenomyosis (an abnormal benign growth of the endometrium).
4.Fibroids or other benign tumors of the uterus.
Use of intrauterine device (IUD).

RISK INCREASES WITH

1.Use of caffeine or nicotine.
2Stress. The degree of dysmenorrhea may vary according to general health or mental state. 3.While emotional or psychological factors don\'t cause the pain, they can worsen it or cause some women to be less responsive to treatment.
4.Family history of dysmenorrhea.
5.Lack of exercise; poor diet.

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